> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.gains.trade/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Glossary

> Definitions of the key terms used across the Gains documentation.

A quick reference for the terms you'll come across in the Gains docs. Where relevant, each entry links to the page that covers the topic in depth.

## Trading

**Collateral** — The token you put up to open a trade. Gains is synthetic, so you trade price movements without holding the underlying asset. Supported collaterals depend on the chain — see [Trade Collaterals](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/trade-collaterals).

**Leverage** — A multiplier on your collateral that increases both your exposure and your risk. Max leverage varies per pair — see the [Pair List](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/pair-list).

**Position size** — Your collateral multiplied by your leverage. On Gains, position size is denominated in the collateral, not the traded asset's notional value.

**Spread** — The difference between the price you open/close at and the market price. BTC and ETH have a fixed spread of 0.005% per side (0.01% round trip); most other cryptos have no fixed spread and only dynamic [price impact](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/fees-and-spread#price-impact); forex, stocks, and most commodities have their own fixed spreads. See [Fees & Spread](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/fees-and-spread).

**Price impact** (formerly "dynamic spread") — A size-, liquidity-, and skew-dependent cost applied on top of any fixed spread, designed to keep open interest balanced. Made up of a liquidity impact and a skew impact component. See [Fees & Spread](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/fees-and-spread#price-impact).

**Borrowing fees** — A fee charged over time for holding a leveraged position, based on open interest. See [Calculating borrowing fees](/developer/integrators/guides/calculating-borrowing-fees).

**Funding fees** — Introduced in v10, a fee that flows between the long and short side of a pair based on the skew, charged on the dynamic position size.

**Liquidation** — The forced closing of a position when losses reach the liquidation threshold. The remaining collateral goes to the vault. See [Fees & Spread](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/fees-and-spread#liquidation-thresholds).

**Liquidation price** — The price at which a position would be liquidated. See [Calculating liquidation price](/developer/integrators/guides/calculating-liquidation-price).

**OI (Open Interest)** — The total value of open positions, tracked per pair and per collateral. Each pair and vault has a max OI to cap risk.

**Mark price** — The price used for trade execution: TP/SL, limit orders, stop orders, and PnL.

**Index price** — The spot price, unaffected by derivatives skew. Used for liquidations. See the [Mark + Index introduction](/developer/integrators/guides/mark-+-index-introduction).

**1CT (One-Click Trading)** — A mode that removes the need to confirm every transaction in your wallet. See [One-Click Trading](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/one-click-trading-1ct).

## Tokens & vaults

**\$GNS** — The ecosystem's utility token. Powers fee discounts, acts as a vault backstop, and captures protocol revenue. See [GNS Token](/what-is-gains-network/gns-token).

\*\*$GFARM2** — The original token, launched on Ethereum and migrated to $GNS with a 1:1000 split. Now legacy — see [archived NFTs](/archived/nfts).

**gToken / gToken vault** — The collateral vaults (e.g. gUSDC, gDAI, gETH) that act as the counterparty to traders and supply trading liquidity. Depositing collateral mints the corresponding gToken. See [gToken Vaults](/liquidity-farming-pools/gtoken-vaults).

**Overcollateralization** — An extra buffer layer in a vault that helps absorb trader profits and keep the vault solvent. See [gToken Vaults](/liquidity-farming-pools/gtoken-vaults).

**BB\&B (Buyback & Burn)** — A model where protocol revenue buys \$GNS from the market and burns it, reducing supply. See [GNS Staking](/liquidity-farming-pools/gns-staking).

**BB\&D (Buyback & Distribute)** — A model where bought-back \$GNS is distributed to stakers rather than burned.

**SSS (Single Sided Staking)** — Direct revenue-sharing where stakers earn a cut of protocol fees in their staked token.

## Infrastructure

**TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price)** — An average price over a time window, used for OTC buybacks and for governance price thresholds.

**DON (Decentralized Oracle Network)** — The Chainlink oracle network that returns prices used to execute trades.

**RPC** — The gateway between your wallet and a blockchain. Switching to a faster RPC can help during congestion — see [Chain congestion](/help/chain-congestion).

**pairIndex** — The numerical ID of a pair in the contracts, reflecting the order assets were added. See the [Pair List](/gtrade-leveraged-trading/pair-list).

**Diamond / facet** — Gains' contracts use the Diamond pattern: a single entry point (`GNSMultiCollatDiamond`) that routes calls to modular logic contracts called facets. See the [Technical Reference](/developer/technical-reference/contracts/core/gnsmulticollatdiamond).